Integración de MBSE y Scrum para el desarrollo de sistemas complejos: propuesta sMBSAP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63688/3wxb5j26Keywords:
MBSE, Scrum, ingeniería de software, sistemas complejosAbstract
El Model Based Software Engineering (MBSE) se ha consolidado como un enfoque clave para la gestión de la complejidad en el desarrollo de sistemas de software, permitiendo la representación estructurada del conocimiento a través de modelos formales. Sin embargo, su adopción enfrenta limitaciones relacionadas con la rigidez del proceso y la carga de documentación. Paralelamente, las metodologías ágiles, como Scrum, han ganado relevancia por su capacidad de adaptación, entrega continua de valor y flexibilidad ante cambios en los requisitos, aunque presentan desafíos en términos de formalización y trazabilidad en sistemas complejos. Este estudio propone un enfoque integrado denominado sMBSAP, que combina MBSE y Scrum con el objetivo de equilibrar la formalidad del modelado con la flexibilidad del desarrollo iterativo. La investigación se desarrolló mediante un análisis teórico, comparativo y la aplicación conceptual del enfoque en un caso de estudio en el ámbito de sistemas de salud. Los resultados evidencian que la integración propuesta mejora la trazabilidad entre requisitos y modelos, optimiza la gestión de la documentación y facilita la comunicación entre equipos multidisciplinarios. Asimismo, se observa una mayor capacidad de adaptación a cambios sin comprometer la coherencia del sistema. No obstante, también se identifican desafíos relacionados con la necesidad de madurez organizacional y capacitación en prácticas de modelado. Se concluye que el enfoque sMBSAP representa una alternativa viable para el desarrollo de sistemas complejos, al combinar las fortalezas de MBSE y Scrum, reduciendo sus limitaciones individuales y promoviendo una ingeniería de software más eficiente y adaptable.
References
Akif, R., & Majeed, H. (2012). Issues and challenges in scrum implementation. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 3, 1–4.
Anand, R. V., & Dinakaran, M. (2015). Issues in scrum Agile development principles and practices in software development. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8, 1–5.
Atlassian. (2019). Jira | Issue & Project Tracking Software. https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira
Bonnet, S., Voirin, J. L., Normand, V., & Exertier, D. (2015). Implementing the MBSE cultural change: Organization, coaching and lessons learned. In Proceedings of the INCOSE International Symposium, Seattle, USA.
Bott, M., & Mesmer, B. (2023). Agent-based evaluation of systems engineering processes. Systems Engineering, 26, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/00375497231207877
Brambilla, M., Cabot, J., & Wimmer, M. (2017). Model-Driven Software Engineering in Practice. Springer.
Buffardi, K., Robb, C., & Rahn, D. (2017). Learning agile with tech startup software engineering projects. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, 28–33.
Call, D. R., & Herber, D. R. (2022). Applicability of the diffusion of innovation theory to accelerate model-based systems engineering adoption. Systems Engineering, 25, 574–583.
Cao, L., & Ramesh, B. (2007). Agile software development: Ad hoc practices or sound principles? IT Professional, 9, 41–47.
ClickUp. (2023). ClickUp productivity platform. https://www.clickup.com
DIGITAL.AI. (2022). 16th State of Agile Report. https://info.digital.ai/rs/981-LQX-968/images/AR-SA-2022-16th-Annual-State-Of-Agile-Report.pdf
Estefan, J. A. (2008). Survey of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Methodologies. INCOSE MBSE Initiative.
Friedenthal, S., Moore, A., & Steiner, R. (2015). A Practical Guide to SysML: The Systems Modeling Language (3rd ed.). Morgan Kaufmann.
Ghezzi, A., & Cavallo, A. (2020). Agile business model innovation in digital entrepreneurship: Lean startup approaches. Journal of Business Research, 110, 519–537.
Hadar, I., Sherman, S., Hadar, E., & Harrison, J. J. (2013). Less is more: Architecture documentation for agile development. In International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering.
Holmes, J., et al. (2022). System safety and cybersecurity within MBSE. https://doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-3966
Hooshmand, Y., Adamenko, D., Kunnen, S., & Köhler, P. (2017). An approach for holistic model-based engineering of industrial plants. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, 101–110.
Irnich, L., et al. (2023). Combining and evaluating MBSE solutions. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10010-023-00619-0
Kim, S. Y., Wagner, D., & Jimenez, A. (2019). Challenges in applying model-based systems engineering: Human-centered design perspective. INCOSE Human-Systems Integration Conference.
Kossiakoff, A., Biemer, S. M., Seymour, S. J., & Flanigan, D. A. (2020). Systems Engineering Principles and Practice. Wiley.
Kuchta, D. (2019). Combination of the earned value method and the Agile approach—A case study of a production system implementation. In Intelligent Systems in Production Engineering and Maintenance (pp. 87–96).
Lethbridge, T., Singer, J., & Forward, A. (2003). How software engineers use documentation: The state of the practice. IEEE Software, 20, 35–39.
Manifesto for Agile Software Development. (2001). http://agilemanifesto.org
Müller, et al. (2023). MBSE methodology and user acceptance in industry. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2023.03.135
Noguchi, R. A. (2019). A roadmap for advancing MBSE practice in government acquisition. INCOSE International Symposium.
Rinker, F., et al. (2023). Traceable multi-view model integration for agile systems engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-022-01572-5
Ruparelia, N. B. (2010). Software development lifecycle models. ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, 35, 8–13.
Satpathy, T. (2016). A Guide to the Scrum Body of Knowledge (SBOK™ Guide) (3rd ed.). SCRUMstudy.
Selic, B. (2009). Agile documentation, anyone? IEEE Software, 26, 11–12.
Stettina, C. J., & Heijstek, W. (2011). Necessary and neglected? Internal documentation in agile teams. In ACM Conference on Design of Communication.
Strobbe, C., et al. (2023). Model-based multi-disciplinary design for cyber-physical systems. https://doi.org/10.1177/10920617241295885
Turner, R. (2007). Toward Agile systems engineering processes. Crosstalk Journal of Defense Software Engineering, 20, 11–15.
U.S. Government Accountability Office. (2015). Agile Assessment Guide: Best Practices for Agile Adoption and Implementation (GAO-20-590G).
Van Acker, B., et al. (2023). Validity frame-enabled model-based engineering processes. https://doi.org/10.1177/00375497231205035
Vijayasarathy, L. R., & Turk, D. (2008). Agile software development: A survey of early adopters. Journal of Information Technology Management, XIX, 1–8.
Walden, D. D., Roedler, G. J., & Forsberg, K. (2015). INCOSE systems engineering handbook version 4. INCOSE International Symposium.
Wang, L., Izygon, M., Okon, S., Wagner, H., & Garner, L. (2016). Effort to accelerate MBSE adoption and usage at JSC. AIAA SPACE.
Xie, et al. (2024). X-SEM: Modeling and simulation-based systems engineering methodology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2024.01.013
Yeo, K. T. (2002). Critical failure factors in information system projects. International Journal of Project Management, 20, 241–246.
Young, K. G. (2015). Defense space application of MBSE—closing the culture chasms. AIAA SPACE Conference.
Zimmerman, P. (2014). A review of model-based systems engineering practices and recommendations for future directions in the Department of Defense.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 CognitivaTech: Ingeniería de Software Inteligente y Sistemas Adaptativos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Este artículo se distribuye bajo la licencia Creative Commons Atribución 4.0 . Salvo que se indique lo contrario, el material publicado asociado se distribuye bajo la misma licencia.
